Presentation on the topic "motor transport". Presentation "geography of transport" presentation for a geography lesson on the topic Learning new knowledge

Description of the presentation by individual slides:

1 slide

Slide description:

2 slide

Slide description:

Lesson objectives: to develop ideas about the sectors of the world economy; develop the ability to characterize the World Transport System, its problems and development prospects according to the main parameters; to form an idea of ​​the differences in transport and its features in countries of different types; to form knowledge about the geography of the main modes of transport.

3 slide

Slide description:

D\Z clause 3 “Geography of Transport” 2. Work at the station. Show: on "3" 1. Transcontinental railways. 2. Largest airports (specify name) (4) 3. Largest ports in the world (3) on "4" + Largest international river arteries. (5) (atlasMap.ru) to "5" + Main oil and gas pipelines. (3) (http://xreferat.ru/96/page88.html) (mir/map.ru)

4 slide

Slide description:

Lesson plan: 1. Quantitative indicators of transport performance. 2. Transport network of the world. Structure of world transport. Regional transport systems. 3. The influence of scientific and technological revolution on the development of transport 4. Land transport of the world. 5. Water transport of the world. 6. Air transport of the world. 7. Conclusions 8. Consolidation of material.

5 slide

Slide description:

Transport structure Railroad, road pipeline Sea, River

6 slide

Slide description:

Freight turnover is the product of the amount of cargo transported (in tons) and the transportation distance (in km). Cabotage is shipping between ports of one country. Large cabotage - shipping between ports of different seas, for example between the Baltic and Black. Small cabotage is shipping between the ports of one or two adjacent seas, for example between the Black and Azov seas. 3) The carrying capacity of a vehicle is the maximum weight of cargo that it is capable of lifting, moving or transporting.

Slide 7

Slide description:

World transport system THE SUMMARY OF ALL COMMUNICATION ROUTES, TRANSPORT ENTERPRISES AND VEHICLES FORM THE WORLD TRANSPORT SYSTEM (MTS). HOWEVER, THE WORLD'S FREIGHT AND PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION IS EXTREMELY UNEVENLY DISTRIBUTED GEOGRAPHICALLY! Exercise. Analyze the map. Mark the regions of the world with dense transport networks.

8 slide

Slide description:

Regional transport systems HOWEVER, THE WORLD'S FREIGHT AND PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION IS EXTREMELY UNEVENLY DISTRIBUTED GEOGRAPHICALLY! RTS of North America 30% of the total length of MTS; 1st place in cargo turnover; high level of motorization. RTS of Foreign Europe 1st place in density and frequency of traffic; high level of development of air and road transport. RTS of the Commonwealth of Independent States 10% of MTS; high share of railway transport in freight turnover; high rates of transportation range.

Slide 9

Slide description:

According to the level of development, the world transport system can be divided into two parts: transport in economically developed countries and transport in developing countries Transport in economically developed countries Transport in developing countries Lagging sector of the economy High technical level Interaction of various sub-sectors. The provision of a transport network, its density, and the mobility of the population are the highest. Lack of development of transport systems. The predominance of one or two modes of transport: railway - India, Pakistan, Brazil, Argentina; river - countries of Tropical Africa Horse-drawn, pack transport, and porters are still widely used to move goods. Transport mobility of the population is several times lower than the world average. These countries account for up to 80% of the total length of the global transport network. Horse-drawn, pack transport, and porters are still widely used to move goods. .

10 slide

Slide description:

Transport is the third leading sector of material production. QUANTITATIVE INDICATORS OF THE WORLD TRANSPORT SYSTEM: NUMBER OF EMPLOYED 140 MILLION. PERSON FREIGHT AND PASSENGER TRAFFIC LENGTH OF COMMUNICATION ROUTES LENGTH OF COMMUNICATION ROUTES (in thousand km) 24000 Distribute the modes of transport according to the length of communication routes? ?

11 slide

Slide description:

STRUCTURE OF WORLD CARGO AND PASSENGER TURNOVER SHARE IN FREIGHT TURNOVER SHARE IN PASSENGER TURNOVER Assignment. Analyze the chart data. Answer the following questions: 1. Which mode of transport predominates in cargo transportation, and which in passenger traffic in the world? How do you think we can explain such differences in the participation of transport in turnover? 2. What type of transport predominates in cargo transportation in Russia and Japan? Why? 3. Which type of transport is almost not involved in cargo transportation, and which in passenger transportation? Why do you think?

12 slide

Slide description:

TRANSPORT AND SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL REVOLUTION Conclusion: Find the answer in the textbook on page 136 (2nd column), and also see additional text No. 18, 19 on page 151. INCREASING THE CAPACITY OF TRANSPORT ROUTES APPEARANCE OF NEW VEHICLES INCREASING CAPACITY AND CARGO CAPACITY INCREASING MOVEMENT SPEED

Slide 13

Slide description:

PIPELINE The world's most powerful main oil and gas pipelines are located in the CIS: “Friendship” “Northern Light” “Soyuz” It developed due to the growth of oil and gas production and the territorial gap between the areas of production and consumption. The first oil pipeline was built in the USA in 1865, 6 km long. According to their purpose, pipelines can be divided into the following groups: field - connecting wells with various objects; main pipelines (MT) - intended for transporting commercial oil and petroleum products from areas of their production (from fields), production or storage to places of consumption.

Geography of World Transport 1. Transport is the third leading branch of material production and the basis of the geographical division of labor.

Geography lesson in 10th grade

1.Transport is the third leading sector of material production

• Basis of geographical division of labor
• The volume and structure of transport traffic reflect:
• Promotes specialization and cooperation of enterprises and industries
• Helps reduce the territorial gap between the production and consumption of goods and services

Level and structure

economy

Accommodation

productive forces

Transport performance indicators

• Freight turnover.
• Freight (transportation fee).
• Cabotage (shipping between ports of one country).
• Load capacity.
• Airway (airline)

			Transport Features	Transport network (thousand km)	Groups of countries by transport availability	Environmental pollution environment

World transport

World transport system – everything:

• communication routes
• transport companies
• vehicles

The influence of scientific and technological revolution on railway transport

• electrification of railways;
• the advent of hovercraft;
• magnetic suspension;
• increase in the length of electrified railways;
• increase in passenger turnover.

World transport system

• number of employed – more than 100 million people
• total length of the transport network - > 36 million km
• cargo transported - more than 100 billion tons
• passengers transported - more than 1 trillion people

DYNAMICS OF THE WORLD TRANSPORT NETWORK IN 1950-2000* Length and density of railways by country of the world. Late 90s

STRUCTURE OF WORLD CARGO AND PASSENGER TURNOVER

SHARE IN CARGO TURNOVER

SHARE IN PASSENGER TURNOVER

Exercise. Analyze the chart data. Answer the following questions:

• Which mode of transport predominates in cargo transportation, and which in passenger traffic in the world?
• What type of transport predominates in cargo transportation in Russia and Japan? Why?
• Which type of transport is almost not involved in cargo transportation, and which in passenger transportation? Why do you think?

See the map in the atlas

"TRANSPORT"

Changing the structure of cargo turnover Impact of scientific and technological revolution on the global transport system

• increase in throughput
• emergence of new vehicles
• increasing the capacity and volume of transported cargo (containerization)

Freight turnover late 90s

Regional transport systems

• North American
• European
• Latin American
• African
• South Asia

WATER TRANSPORT

Analyze a map of shipping lines.

About which ocean can we say: “Great

world trade route? Between which

main shipping lines pass between countries?

Which state is the leader in terms of quantity?

major ports? What is the reason?

World rail transport

• The first steam railway was the Liverpool - Manchester line in England, opened in 1830 G.
• In the same year, the first railroad in the United States was built, connecting the cities of Charleston and Augusta.
• In 1833, the first railway appeared in France,
• in 1835 - in Germany and Belgium.
• And in Russia, the first railway St. Petersburg - Tsarskoe Selo (26 km) was opened in 1837.

TOP TEN COUNTRIES BY SIZE OF RAILWAY FREIGHT TURNOVER IN THE LATE 1990s. Automobile transport The influence of scientific and technological revolution on road transport

• the emergence of electric vehicles;

TOP TWENTY COUNTRIES BY LENGTH OF HIGHWAY ROADS IN THE LATE 1990s. TOP TEN COUNTRIES BY ROAD TRANSPORT SIZE IN THE LATE 1990s TOP TEN COUNTRIES BY LENGTH OF PIPELINES IN THE LATE 1990s

• the emergence of electric vehicles;
• The influence of scientific and technological revolution on road transport
• change in fuel types (oxygen, hydrogen, diesel, gas, rapeseed oil);
• increase in the length of paved roads;

increase in cargo turnover by 8%; Transport

– the third leading industry of material production Terms describing

transport work

Freight turnover

Cabotage

Freight

Passenger turnover

Dynamics of the global transport network

Types of transport

Network length, thousand km

1950

Railways,

including electrified

1995

2012

Car roads,

including improved

Navigable rivers and canals

Oil pipelines

Gas pipelines

Airways

SHARE IN CARGO TURNOVER

SHARE IN PASSENGER TURNOVER

Structure of World Freight and Passenger Traffic

Transport and scientific and technical

INCREASED CAPACITY

TRANSPORT ROUTES

APPEARANCE OF NEW VEHICLES

INCREASED CAPACITY AND LOADING CAPACITY

INCREASED MOVEMENT SPEED

World transport system

WORLDWIDE FREIGHT AND PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION IS GEOGRAPHICALLY DISTRIBUTED EXTREMELY UNEVEN!

According to the level of development, the world transport system can be divided into two parts:

Transport in economically developed countries:

Transport in developing countries – lagging sector of the economy, characterized by:

a) high technical level;

a) unformed transport systems;

b) interaction of sub-sectors;

b) the predominance of one or two modes of transport: railway - India, Pakistan, Brazil, Argentina;

c) the provision of a transport network, its density (density), and population mobility are the highest;

river - countries of tropical Africa;

c) transport mobility of the population is several times lower than the world average;

d) these countries account for 75-80% of the total length of the global transport network

d) horse-drawn, pack transport, and porters are still widely used to move goods.

Air(airplane, helicopter)

Water(sea, river)

Land(road, rail, pipeline)

Structure of global freight and passenger turnover

Types of transport

Freight turnover, %

Railway

Passenger turnover, %

Automotive

Pipeline

Inland waterway

Air

Every year, more than 100 billion tons of cargo and trillions of passengers are transported around the world by all types of transport. More than 700 million cars, 80 thousand sea vessels, 15 thousand regular aircraft, 200 thousand locomotives are involved in these transportations.

LAND TRANSPORT

AUTOMOBILE

RAILWAY

PIPELINE

AUTOMOBILE

Leading countries by length

highways:

• USA;  Japan;
• India;  China.
• Brazil;

Specific gravity railway system

Expressways

The fastest express trains run on the following lines:

• Paris - Bordeaux (France) Mistral express (line length 540 km) transports passengers in 2 hours 10 minutes.

Paris - London Express carries passengers under the Pas de Calais at a speed of 250 km/h

• Tokyo - Osaka (Japan) Hikari Express (line length 515 km) transports passengers in 2 hours 15 minutes.

Express train

"London - Paris"

Railway tunnel under

Strait of Pas de Calais (France -

Great Britain)

Expressways

Preparations have begun for the construction of the Asia-Pacific Railway

highways: Singapore - Bangkok - Beijing - Yakutsk - tunnel under

Bering Strait - Vancouver - San Francisco.

Pipeline transport

PIPELINE

Developed through growth

oil and gas production and territorial

gap between production and production areas

rebirth.

(The first oil pipeline was built in

USA in 1865, 6 km long.)

LEADING COUNTRIES BY LENGTH

OIL AND GAS PIPELINES:

1. USA (760 thousand km)

2. Russia (230 thousand km)

3. Canada (150 thousand km)

4. Middle Eastern countries

5. Germany

6. France

The most powerful trunk lines in the world

Oil and gas pipelines are located in the CIS:

• "Friendship"
• "Northern Lights"
• "Union"

WATER TRANSPORT

RIVER AND LAKE

LEADING COUNTRIES

FOR SEA TRANSPORTATION:

• Panama
• Liberia
• Japan
• Greece
• Norway
• Great Britain
• Italy
• Sweden

WATER TRANSPORT

Danube

Rhine

Elbe

Audra

Danube

Serves primarily the domestic needs of individual countries

RIVER AND LAKE

Major international river arteries in Europe:

But it also carries out international transportation

The Great American Lakes system and

deep water route of the St. Love River

rentia (USA, Canada)

Seagoing ships pass through several locks as they ascend the St. Lawrence River and the Bypass.

nalam. Ocean liners can sail from the Atlantic to all industrial centers in the Great Lakes region.

• cabotage

AIR TRANSPORT

SHARE OF WORLD REGIONS IN

AIR PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION

Leading countries in

air transportation:

2. UK

5. France

Largest airports in the world:

1. Oh Hare (Chicago)

2. Los Angeles

3. New York

4. Heathrow (London)

5. Frankfurt am Main

Number of Internet users

Russia ranks 43rd in the world in terms of the number of users

The impact of scientific and technological revolution on the “division of labor” between individual modes of transport? Give examples.

• Increasing the capacity of transport routes. The emergence of new vehicles.
• Increased capacity and speed of movement.
• Containerization, which increased labor productivity by 7-10 times.
• Containerization (from the English contain - accommodate)- transportation of piece goods in special metal containers. It is associated with the emergence of new vehicles - container ships and special transshipment stations - container terminals.

Expand the following questions :

• What is the “fleeing” of the fleet to “cheap” “false” flags? What countries is this typical for?

• Using Figures 37, 38, 39, 40 and the color map in the atlas, study the location of the largest ports and the geography of cargo flows. Compare different types of seaports (see page 139 in the textbook). What kind of cargo does sea transport transport? How can we explain this?

To use presentation previews, create a Google account and log in to it: https://accounts.google.com

Slide captions:

Geography of transport

Transport is the third leading sector of material production. Transport is the basis of the geographical division of labor. All communication routes, transport enterprises and vehicles together form the global transport system. Transport actively influences location, promoting specialization and cooperation of enterprises and industries.

All types of transport are grouped not only by importance and level of development, but also by geographical areas of their application. In this case, land (land), water and air transport are distinguished.

Road transport can rightfully be called the transport of the 20th century. The length of highways is constantly growing and has already exceeded 28 million km; approximately half of it comes from five countries - the USA, India, Brazil, China, Japan, followed by Russia, Canada and France. In global passenger turnover, the share of road transport – primarily due to personal cars – reaches 4/5.

There are railways in 140 countries, more than ½ of their total length is in the “top ten” countries: the USA, Russia, Canada, India, China, Germany, Argentina, Australia, France, and Mexico. Along with this, there are vast areas where the railway network is rare or non-existent.

Pipeline transport has developed primarily due to the rapid growth of oil and natural gas production and the territorial gap that exists between the main areas of their production and consumption. The length of the global network of main pipelines is about 2 million km. The longest of them are 4-5 thousand km, built in the CIS countries, Canada, USA, and countries of the Middle East.

Maritime transport is a very important component of the global transport system. Thanks to the development of maritime transport, the World Ocean no longer divides but rather connects countries and continents. It handles about 4/5 of all international trade. The total length of sea routes is measured in millions of kilometers. Sea vessels transport mainly bulk cargo - liquid (oil, petroleum products), bulk and bulk (coal, ore, grain, etc.) over a distance of 8-10 thousand km.

Air transport is the youngest and most dynamic mode of transport. The network of regular airlines now encircles the entire globe, stretching over 10.5 million km. In terms of air transportation volumes, North America ranks first in the world, Europe ranks second, and the United States stands out among individual countries, followed by Japan, Great Britain, China, and France. The geography of air transport is determined by a network of airports, the number of which amounts to many thousands.

On the topic: methodological developments, presentations and notes

Topic: Transport of Russia. The role and importance of land transport.

Lesson objectives: to study the transport system of the Russian Federation, to identify the impact of various types of transport on the environment, to identify the advantages and disadvantages of each type of transport....

Integrated lesson in mathematics and speech development in elementary school. Topic: “Transport. Rules of conduct in transport."

Creating conditions for the formation of knowledge about transport, rules of conduct in transport based on arithmetic problems with the concepts of “price”, “quantity”, “cost”, to promote the development...

Work program of the academic discipline OP.09 TRANSPORT AND FORWARDING ACTIVITIES for specialty 100120 Transport service (by mode of transport)

The work program of the academic discipline is the author's for the specialty of secondary vocational education 100120 Transport service (by mode of transport) (basic training) Developer: Swiss...

Work program of the professional PM module. 03 ORGANIZATION OF TRANSPORTATION AND LOGISTICS ACTIVITIES (by type of transport) for specialty 190701 Organization of transportation and transport management (by type) Correspondence course

The work program of the professional module was developed on the basis of the Federal State Educational Standard for the specialty of secondary vocational education 190701 Organization of transfer...

Class: 10

Goals and objectives:

Educational:

• develop ideas about the sectors of the world economy;
• develop the ability to characterize the World Transport System, its problems and development prospects according to the main parameters;
• to form an idea of ​​the differences in transport and its features in countries of different types;
• to form knowledge about the geography of the main modes of transport.

Educational:

• develop in students the ability to highlight the main, essential things when working with text in the material being studied; analyze and summarize the facts being studied, logically express thoughts;
• develop the ability to work over time and in groups;
• develop students' creative abilities and cognitive interest;
• develop the ability to perform analytical tasks;
• develop the ability to work with thematic maps and various sources of information.

Educational:

Continue the formation of a system of moral relations:

a) develop in students a respectful attitude towards the opinions of other students;

b) to form in students such personal values ​​as the desire to learn new things about their homeland, fostering a sense of responsibility for its present and future, and feelings of patriotism.

During the lesson, students develop the following skills:

Educational and management:

• determine the most rational sequence of actions for the collective implementation of a learning task;
• independently evaluate your educational activities by comparing them with the activities of other students, with your own activities in the past, with established standards;
• evaluate the activities of classmates through comparison with established standards.

Educational and information skills:

• ability to work with written and oral texts;
• ability to work with cartographic sources of information.

Educational and logical skills:

• determine the components of the object being studied;
• carry out qualitative and quantitative descriptions of the components of the object;
• carry out classification based on establishing the characteristics of an object.

Equipment:

Map “Transport of the World”, atlas for grade 10, map diagrams, exhibition “Modern types of transport and transport of the future”, video fragment “Impact of transport on the environment”, graphic projector, set of tasks for each student (you can use a presentation of the main types of transport).

The main form of work is group work using advanced homework and multi-level assignments.

During the classes

1. Organization of the beginning of the lesson.

Greeting from the teacher.

Checking absentees.

Checking readiness for the lesson.

Today we will continue our acquaintance with the sectors of the world economy and talk about the transport of the world.

It is important for us to know this, because... The topic of transport today is very important and relevant, because transport performs the most important economic and social functions. Modern modes of transport have brought the most remote corners of the planet closer together. There is a “compression” of geographical space. Today, thanks to transport, the concept of remoteness does not exist.

2. Preparation for active learning activities at the main stage of the lesson.

Based on the enormous importance of transport, today in class we must:

1. get acquainted with the global transport system.
2. learn about the importance of transport, show its place and role in the global economy.
3. describe the types of transport.
4. know about the features of transport in different types of countries.
5. talk about the problems and prospects for the development of the transport system.

The goals are pinned on the board in the form of a poster.

The topic is not new for you, we talked about Russian transport in 9th grade, but it is quite extensive. In order to achieve all our goals, we will work in groups.

I am confident that we will cope with all the assigned tasks in the best possible way. If something doesn’t work out, it’s okay, we’ll take our shortcomings into account in future work. So - let's get started!

It’s better to start by repeating the basic principles familiar to us from 9th grade. And here 1 group will help us. The guys had a task (Show diagram No. 1 on the board; see appendix): “Based on the 9th grade textbook, choose, in your opinion, the most important and significant topic of transport in Russia.”

The result of their work was a kind of “clue” number 1.

Class assignment: Take sheet 1 from the materials prepared for you. Listen to the children’s performance, remembering the previously covered material.

Performance by students of group 1.

The first group finished their performance. Thank you! I believe that the guys completed the task, and we remembered the material we needed for further work.

3. Assimilation of new knowledge.

Now we move on to studying the new topic “Transport of the World”.

The second group was asked to reveal the contents of the chapter “Transport is the third leading branch of material production.”

The guys have prepared template No. 2, which you must fill out during their performance (see Appendix No. 2). (Appendix No. 2.1)

Performance by students of group 2.

Now let’s check together whether the template is filled out correctly (via an overhead projector or a computer). If there are errors or omissions, correct them.

During the presentation of group 2 we learned:

1. about the importance of transport;
2. about the main differences between the transport of economically developed and developing countries.

Mark these goals on a poster. Give a qualitative description of the group’s activities.

The third group was asked to introduce you to the main types of land transport.

Prepare sheets number 3 “Main types of transport”. During the performance of the children of the third and fourth groups, you will have to perform various types of work: show the named objects in the atlas, enter the leading countries by main types of transport, fill out diagrams. Be careful!

Performance by students of group 3.

1. Automobile transport.
2. Railway transport.
3. Pipeline transport.

During presentations, students use map diagrams made independently.

1. Provision of passenger cars.
2. Various railway configurations.
3. Main conclusions to the topic “Transport of Russia”.

All named objects are shown on the board on the “Transport of the World” map.

Group 3 finished their performance. Thank you!

The fourth group will introduce you to other types of transport.

1. Air (using the “World Aviation Transport” map and magnets of the same color to indicate the largest airports in the world).
2. Marine (using magnets of different colors to designate the largest universal, container, oil loading ports).
3. River (accompanied by a display of large navigable rivers, canal systems and the main area of ​​lake navigation).

Group 4 finished their performance. Thank you!

Give a qualitative description of the group’s activities.

During the interesting and voluminous reports from students of groups 3 and 4, we learned about the main types of transport, its geography and features, i.e. reached another target.

Mark the goal on the poster.

Group 5 will complete the conversation about transport.

Your task: listen carefully and write down in your notebook:

1. definition of the World Transport System;
2. main environmental problems associated with transport.

(You can use the textbook, p. 151)

1. World transport system.
2. Transport problems (using fragments of video or presentation).
3. Prospects for the development of transport (the story is accompanied by a display of the exhibition “Modern types of transport and transport of the future”).

Mark the goals on the poster.

Give a qualitative description of the group’s activities.

As you can see, we achieved our goals.

4. Consolidation of knowledge.

Now let's see how we can realize the fulfilled goals.

Take the test sheets prepared for each person (5 options) and within 1-2 minutes try to answer 5 questions correctly.

Swap sheets, check each other's work by marking the criteria and hand it over to me.

Mutual inspection of work and inspection using an overhead projector.

5. Summary.

During the lesson, we got acquainted with the transport of the world, having completed all the intended goals.

Give a qualitative description of the class’s activities and give marks.

All that remains is to fill out the Lesson Technological Map (see Appendix No. 3). (Appendix No. 3.1)

6. Homework.

1. Repeat topic 5, section 3 “Transport of the world.”

(Don't forget the additional material at the end of the section, the tables in the appendix, and the atlas maps).

2. Apply on the contour map:

• leading countries in main modes of transport;
• largest ports and airports in the world;
• main channels and straits;
• large navigable rivers.

3. Be able to show the Trans-Siberian Railway and the Pan-American Highway.

When doing your homework, use sheet No. 3 and the atlas maps.

Our lesson is over. Thank you for your work.